European Training Network for the sustainable, zero-waste valorisation of critical-metal-containing industrial process residues

SOCRATES European Training Network for the sustainable, zero-waste valorisation of critical-metal-containing industrial process residues

Unlike China, Russia or South Africa, the EU-28 Member States are not in the fortunate position of having vast, easily accessible ore deposits containing valuable metals. However, Europe does have large quantities of secondary industrial residues (tailings, sludges, slags and ashes) that contain significant concentrations of both critical and eco- nomically important metals. The European Training Network for the Sustainable, zero-waste valorisation of critical-metal-containing industrial process residues (SOCRATES) targets ground-breaking metallurgical processes, incl. plasma-, bio-, solvo-, elec- tro- and ionometallurgy, that can be integrated into environmentally friendly, (near-)zero-waste valorisation flow sheets